Due to these characteristics, carob pulp has, over the years, been used as a cheap source for animal nutrition and also for humans in times of famine. On the other hand, the pulp is considered a by-product of the carob pod industry, and represents an important source of nutrients, such as carbohydrates (mainly sugars and fiber), minerals, amino acids, and vitamins, among other components ( Figure 1). This additive is employed in a wide range of products in the food and non-food industries as a thickener and stabilizer. After this, it is common to include grinding and sieving steps to obtain carob flour, a product often used in different food preparations for human consumption.Īmong the different carob products (husk, endosperm, germ and pulp), the economic importance of carob pod comes from the industrial utilization of locust bean gum. Moreover, the pulp can be roasted to improve its organoleptic characteristics, obtaining, when together with other food ingredients, a taste very similar to cocoa. In the case of pulp processing, it can be kibbled to various grades (pieces/kibbles, and flour/powder) for animal feed. Once the endosperm is separated, the food additive locust bean gum (E-410, also called carubin) is obtained from the grinding of this part of the seed. Due to the hardness of the husk, there are several possible treatments to achieve high-quality seed part separation, usually involving a chemical treatment (e.g., sulfuric acid). Because the germ and the endosperm are each used in different (food and/or non-food) applications, it is also necessary to separate the different fractions of the seed.
The seed consists of germ, endosperm and husk. This paper reviews the nutritional and functional values of carob pulp-based products in order to provide information on the proclaimed health-promoting properties of this interesting by-product. Furthermore, carob pulp’s similar sensorial, chemical and biological properties to cocoa, the absence of the stimulating alkaloids theobromine and caffeine, as well as its low-fat content, make it a healthier potential substitute for cocoa. Another aspect highlighted in this work is the use of alternative processes or conditions to mitigate furanic production, recognized for its toxicity. Its potential applications as a nutraceutical ingredient in many recipes for food and beverage elaborations have been extensively evaluated. In the last few years, numerous studies on the chemical and biological characteristics of the pulp have been performed to encourage its commercial use. Carob pulp is a mixture of macro- and micronutrients, such as carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, and secondary metabolites with functional properties. It is composed by seeds, the valuable part due to the extraction of locust bean gum, and the pulp, considered a by-product of the fruit processing industry. Usage will be monitored.Carob ( Ceratonia siliqua L.) pod is a characteristic fruit from the Mediterranean regions. © 2021 Charles Schwab & Co., Inc, All rights reserved. Learn more about our services for non-U.S. residents are subject to country-specific restrictions. Access to Electronic Services may be limited or unavailable during periods of peak demand, market volatility, systems upgrade, maintenance, or for other reasons. Its banking subsidiary, Charles Schwab Bank (member FDIC and an Equal Housing Lender), provides deposit and lending services and products. ( member SIPC), offers investment services and products, including Schwab brokerage accounts. Its broker-dealer subsidiary, Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
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